In A Catholic Reading Guide to Conditional Immortality, Robert Wild explores the theory of conditional immortality (CI) as an alternative to the traditional view of everlasting punishment in hell. The theory is that people who absolutely refuse God's plan for them will be taken out of existence or annihilated, in keeping with their desire to not continue in God's plan for their lives. It is presented as one of the possible results of a persistent and irrevocable decision against God, not a definite dogma or teaching of the church.