From the publisher- One of the most important ecumenical events of the last decade has been the proposal that the Lutheran churches and the Roman Catholic Church officially state that their mutual condemnations in relation to the doctrine of justification no longer apply. The essays in this volume, by leading Lutheran and Roman Catholic theologians, provide essential background and support of this historic development. The detailed analyses contained herin of the Lutheran Confessions and the Council of Trent's Decree on Justification advance our understanding of these texts which are still normative for the churches.